It is fitting at a time when the nation is grappling with moral questions about
how best to execute death row prisoners, whether police should be held responsible for
shooting unarmed citizens, and to what extent we
allow the government to dictate, monitor and control every aspect of our lives, that we remember that Jesus Christ--the religious figure worshipped by Christians for his death on the cross and subsequent resurrection--died at the hands of a police state.
Those living through this present age of militarized police, SWAT team raids, police shootings of unarmed citizens, roadside strip searches, and invasive surveillance might feel as if these events are unprecedented. Yet while we in the United States may be experiencing a
steady slide into a police state, we are neither the first nor the last nation to do so.
Although technology, politics and superpowers have changed over time, the characteristics of a police state and its reasons for being have remained the same: control, power and money. Indeed, as I point out in my book
Battlefield America: The War on the American People, a police state extends far beyond the actions of law enforcement. In fact, a police state "
is characterized by bureaucracy, secrecy, perpetual wars, a nation of suspects, militarization, surveillance, widespread police presence, and a citizenry with little recourse against police actions."
Just as police states have arisen throughout history, there have also been individuals or groups of individuals who have risen up to challenge the injustices of their age. Nazi Germany had its
Dietrich Bonhoeffer. The gulags of the Soviet Union were challenged by
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn. America had its color-coded system of racial segregation and warmongering called out for what it was, blatant discrimination and profiteering, by
Martin Luther King Jr.
And then there was Jesus Christ, an itinerant preacher and revolutionary activist, who not only died challenging the police state of his day--namely, the Roman Empire--but provided a
blueprint for civil disobedience that would be followed by those, religious and otherwise, who came after him. Yet for all the accolades poured out upon Jesus, little is said about the harsh realities of the police state in which he lived and its similarities to modern-day America, and yet they are striking.
Secrecy, surveillance and rule by the elite. Much like America today, with its lack of government transparency, overt domestic surveillance, and
rule by the rich, Roman leaders were constantly on the watch for any potential
threats to its power. The resulting
state-wide surveillance was primarily carried out by the military, which acted as investigators, enforcers, torturers, policemen, executioners and jailers.
Widespread police presence. The Roman Empire used its military forces to maintain the "peace," thereby establishing a police state that reached into all aspects of a citizen's life. Today SWAT teams, comprised of local police and federal agents, are employed to
carry out routine search warrants for minor crimes.
Citizenry with little recourse against the police state. As the Roman Empire expanded,
personal freedom and independence nearly vanished, as did any real sense of local governance and national consciousness. Similarly, in America today,
citizens largely feel powerless, voiceless and unrepresented in the face of a power-hungry federal government.
Perpetual wars and a military empire. Much like America today with its practice of policing the world,
war and an over-arching militarist ethos provided the framework for the Roman Empire.
Martial law. The Romans relied increasingly on the military to intervene in all matters of conflict or upheaval in provinces, from small-scale scuffles to large-scale revolts. Not unlike police forces today, with their
martial law training drills on American soil, militarized weapons and "shoot first, ask questions later" mindset, the Roman soldier had "
the exercise of lethal force at his fingertips" with the potential of wreaking havoc on normal citizens' lives.
A nation of suspects. Just as the American Empire looks upon its citizens as suspects to be tracked, surveilled and controlled, the Roman Empire looked upon all potential insubordinates as
threats to its power. A "bandit," or
revolutionist, was usually punished publicly and cruelly as a means of
deterring others from challenging the power of the state. Jesus' execution was one such public punishment.
Acts of civil disobedience by insurrectionists. Starting with his act of civil disobedience at the Jewish temple,
Jesus branded himself a political revolutionary. Jesus' attack on the money chargers and traders can be seen as an
attack on Rome itself, an unmistakable declaration of political and social independence from the Roman oppression.
Military-style arrests in the dead of night. Jesus' arrest account testifies to the fact that the Romans perceived Him as a revolutionary. Eerily similar to today's SWAT team raids, Jesus was arrested in the middle of the night, in secret, by a
large, heavily armed fleet of soldiers.
Torture and capital punishment. Jesus was presented to Pontius Pilate "
as a disturber of the political peace," a leader of a rebellion, a political threat, and most gravely--a claimant to kingship, a "king of the revolutionary type." The charges leveled against Jesus--that he was a threat to the stability of the nation, opposed paying Roman taxes and claimed to be the rightful King--were purely political, not religious. To the Romans, any one of these charges was enough to merit death by crucifixion. The purpose of crucifixion was intended to visually warn all those who would challenge the power of the Roman Empire.
Jesus--the revolutionary, the political dissident, and the nonviolent activist--lived and died in a police state. Any reflection on Jesus' life and death within a police state must take into account several factors: Jesus spoke out strongly against such things as empires, controlling people, state violence and power politics. Jesus challenged the political and religious belief systems of his day. And worldly powers feared Jesus, not because he challenged them for control of thrones or government but because he undercut their claims of supremacy, and he dared to speak truth to power in a time when doing so could--and often did--cost a person his life.
Unfortunately, the radical Jesus, the political dissident who took aim at injustice and oppression, has been largely forgotten today, replaced by a congenial, smiling Jesus trotted out for religious holidays but otherwise rendered mute when it comes to matters of war, power and politics. Yet for those who truly study the life and teachings of Jesus, the resounding theme is one of outright resistance to war, materialism and empire.
Ultimately, this is the contradiction that must be resolved if the radical Jesus--the one who stood up to the Roman Empire and was crucified as a warning to others not to challenge the powers-that-be--is to be an example for our modern age.
